標題:
幾時要係metal後面加羅馬數字 e.g xxx(II) ,xxx(III) ??
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幾時要係metal後面加羅馬數字 e.g xxx(II) ,xxx(III) ?? 更新: 咁Zinc又唔使既? 更新 2: re #2 但mercury又有喎= =""
最佳解答:
幾時要係metal後面加羅馬數字 e.g xxx(II) ,xxx(III) ?? Key: e- = electrons In transition metal Just for those metals,usually transition metals, with VARIABLE OXIDATION STATE undergoing oxidation will use such naming. For example copper loses one e- called Copper (I), when it loses 2e- called copper (II). Iron loses 2 e- called iron(II), while losing 2e- called iron (III). In inorganic chem. However ,for those group I ,group II and groupIII metals, no such naming is required due to their oxidation states either +1 for group I, +2 for group II or +3 for group III metals. Their oxidation states are fixed. The naming of transition metal has following rules Old rule 先負離子,後中性離子,之後再正離子 正離子metal後面加羅馬數字 such as Pt(NH3)2Cl2 – Diamminedichloroplainum (II) Pt帶+2電荷 [以英文字的先後而寫a先過c] Pt+0*2+(-1)*2 = 0; Pt = +2 中性離子用(0) Fe(CO)5 鐵不帶任何電荷 Iron (0) pentacarbonyl. The is a compound formed in our haemoglobin if a person breathe too much carbon monoxide 一氧化碳中毒 你可以見到,在naming過渡金屬時,如果金屬不帶任何電荷,要用表示. Fe + 0*2 = 0; Fe = 0 負離子use the following words and metal後面加羅馬數字 [Cu(Cl)4]2- tetrachlorocuprate (II) ions, all compound 帶-2電荷 Cu+(-1)*4 = -2 ; Cu = +2 iron = ferrate copper = cuprate zinc = zincate plantinum = plantinate For ligand H2O – aqua NH3 – ammine H3NH2 – methylamine CO – carbonyl NO - nitrosyl 希望幫到你.
其他解答:
並非所有過渡金屬 (transition metals) 都有 variable oxidation state 的. 因為 zinc 的 electronic configuration 為 [Ne]3d104s2, 當佢 form ion 時會移走 4s 的兩個 electrons, 而剩下的 3d shell 因為已經 very stable, 所以要佢再移走 electron(s) 係 not energy favourable 的. 同樣地, scandium (21 號) 亦只會 form +3 的 ions. 所以加羅馬數字的原則應為: 所有 transition metals except those at the boundary, 即係最靠近 group II 和 group III 的兩個 column in the Periodic table.
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